Abstract
The detailed x-ray analysis of the structure of copper perchlorate hexahydrate has been carried out by Fourier and least-squares methods aided by chemical considerations of ionic packing. The monoclinic crystals, space group P21/c, have six formula units in a cell of dimensions a = 5.14 Å, b = 23.173 Å, c = 14.147 Å with β = 90°. The structure consists of octahedral groups of water molecules around the cupric ion, and tetrahedral perchlorate groups. The Cu-(H2O)6 octahedron with a mean Cu–O length of 2.18 Å and the ClO4 tetrahedron with a mean Cl–O length of 1.48 Å are only slightly deformed from the ideal structures. The hydrogen bonds which link the water and perchlorate oxygens are puckered six-membered rings having the ‘boat’ and ‘chair’ shapes unlike those in the structure of magnesium perchlorate hexahydrate proposed by West where these rings have always a chair-shaped structure. As the two structures are otherwise similar in all respects, West's analysis may require revision.
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