Abstract

The last three decades brought mounting evidence regarding the cross-sectional predictability of country equity returns. The studies not only documented country-level counterparts of well-established stock-level anomalies, such as size, value, or momentum, but also demonstrated some unique return-predicting signals such as fund flows or political regimes. Nonetheless, different studies vary remarkably in terms of their dataset and methods employed. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on the cross-section of country equity returns. We focus on three particular aspects of the asset pricing literature. First, we study the choice of dataset and sample preparation methods. Second, we survey different aspects of the methodological approaches. Last but not least, we review the country-level equity anomalies discovered so far. The discussed cross-sectional return patterns not only provide new insights into international asset pricing but can also be potentially translated into effective country allocation strategies.

Highlights

  • The last three decades brought an unprecedented growth of exchange traded funds (ETFs) and index funds, which enable investors to quickly move their capital around the world

  • In asset pricing studies in particular, examinations of the close-to-century long datasets make it possible to check the true robustness of the return patterns and secure against the risk of false discoveries and data mining

  • Asset pricing studies of firm-level data frequently focus on single countries (e.g., Fama and French 2015) or replicate analyses in multiple individual markets (e.g., Chui et al 2010)

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Summary

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Provided in Cooperation with: MDPI – Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, Basel. Suggested Citation: Zaremba, Adam (2019) : The cross section of country equity returns: A review of empirical literature, Journal of Risk and Financial Management, ISSN 1911-8074, MDPI, Basel, Vol 12, Iss. 4, pp. Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen. Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Cross Section of Country Equity Returns:

Introduction
Country Coverage
Study Period
Return Measurement Periods
Currency Unit
Asset Universe
Methodological Choices
Number of Portfolios
Portfolio Weighting Scheme
Return Calculation
Cross-Sectional Patterns in Country-Level Returns
Momentum
Size Effect
Value Effect
Seasonality
Long-Run Reversal
Price Risk
Non-Price Risks
Other Predictors
Further Investment Considerations
Concluding Remarks
Full Text
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