Abstract
This research discusses critically Joe Biden’s elected president speech on 8 November 2020. The research objectives are the discourse structure and the ideologies contain in Biden’s speech. The research designed is qualitative descriptive which the data source is in form of documentation that is an online transcription of Joe Biden’s speech. The technique to analyze the data, the researcher adopted six CDA steps; problem identification, literature specification, development of code analysis, content analysis and coding, reading and interpretation, and explaining findings. The theory to analyze the speech is Van Djik’s Critical Discourse Analysis Elements; namely macrostructure, microstructure, and superstructure. By applying the CDA elements, the researcher found discourse structures those are macrostructure (thematic)-intertextually, microstructure in two main focused semantics (background, detail, and presupposition), syntaxes analysis (cohesion; who, and, so, etc. and pronoun; I, you, they, we, etc.), stylistic (pronoun; related to certain contexts and lexicon selection to show speakers emphasizes) and rhetoric in term of persuasive function. Then superstructures of the speech are opening, content, and closing remark. The other importance of this research finding is the ideologies stated implicitly and explicitly by Biden, which are unity, equality, and freedom for the US citizens.
Highlights
In one case, language needs to be viewed not just as ‘systems’ but as ‘discourse’
A wider social context here used to clarify what is implicitly intended to convey by the speakers. van Dijk, on his Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) theory, did not see the discourse by only its appearance and made us do further investigation correlatively to social practices, people background in detail, to relate a discourse with other discourse and some other contexts
From the CDA elements being analyzed; we could highlight that a macro-structure is a global meaning of discourse to lead off a topic to be spoken, a micro-structure is the local structures of the discourse;- how and what the purpose of deciding the structures may lead to certain purposes; on Biden’s speech, he intends to show his feeling of winning the election, to show his goals and his power to take over the US presidential
Summary
A discourse, as it is widely known, is a whole package, in which a way of using not just words, but words, deeds, objects, tools, and so forth to enact a certain sort of socially situated identity (Rogers, 2004). In our society language or discourse is used for certain contexts to construct certain sorts of situated meaning; that may relate to cultures, ideologies, economic, social, and so on. A language in use, regarded as a language in relation to human activities (Basyaruddin, 2015). It is more than just a product (spoken and written), but as a constitutive dialectical, productive, distributive, and reproductive process that is in relation to social worlds. A further way to analyze discourse is by applying a critical point of view or more noticed as Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
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