Abstract
To evaluated the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of crambe byproducts (meal and crushed) and proteic supplements formulated with crushed crambe (0; 2.5; 5; 10 and 15%);, five crossbred steers with average weight of 485±14 kg, were used. All the animal were kept in individual paddocks of 0.25 ha on Urochloa brizantha ( syn. Brachiaria brizantha ). It was observed a greater soluble fraction, higher effective degradability at 5%/h and higher degradation rate “c” and, consequent, lower indigestible fraction for crambe crushed ground in the sieve of 3 mm. The effective degradability at 5%/h was lower for the crambe crushed (55.42) in relation to the meal (48.80). The diet with 5% of inclusion of crambe showed higher effective degradability for dry matter (54.86%) and lower fraction “I” (30.64%) associated with higher fractions “c” and “b”. Crambe ground in sieves of 1 and 3 mm mesh presented the highest degradability. Crushed crambe showed higher ruminal degradation than crambe meal; the crambe byproducts possibility can be use as a source of non-degradable protein in the rumen.
Highlights
Oilseeds are used in ruminant diets due to their high concentrations of lipids, and composition of fatty acids, rich in unsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 and ω-6), and because they present a slow release of oil, due to chewing, which results in small fractions coming into the rumen (CIEŚLAK et al, 2013)
Considering the high nutritional potential of this oilseed, and if crambe products can be used in ruminant nutrition, the present study evaluated by the in situ technic the kinetic patterns of ruminal degradation of dry matter and crude protein of crambe byproducts, and, degradability of supplements with inclusion of crushed crambe replacing soybean meal
It was observed a greater soluble fraction, higher effective degradability at 5%.h-1 and degradation rate “c”, consequent, lower indigestible fraction for feedstuffs grounded of 3 mm (28.16%, 43.21% and 44.82%, respectively)
Summary
Oilseeds are used in ruminant diets due to their high concentrations of lipids, and composition of fatty acids, rich in unsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 and ω-6), and because they present a slow release of oil, due to chewing, which results in small fractions coming into the rumen (CIEŚLAK et al, 2013). Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) has been widely used for the extraction of oil for biodiesel production. Vegetable oils used for biodiesel production can be extracted from oilseeds through two different processes: with the use of solvents or by pressing. The waste from the use of solvents for oil extraction is meal and from pressing, crushed grain. Crambe meal contains about 47.4 μmol/g of glucosinolates [(S)-2-hydroxy-3-butenyl glucosinolate]; and its toxic (11-24,3 mol/g) to many organisms and impairs the activity of rumen flora in cattle after six days of ingestion (TRIPATHI; MISHRA, 2007)
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