Abstract
Aims The experience of Africa and the Middle East with the COVID-19 pandemic has been unique, which can be attributed, in part, to disparities within these regions. Methods This review describes COVID-19 emergence, epidemiology, vaccination strategies and uptake, and lessons learned within Africa and the Middle East. Results For vaccines to be effective in curtailing COVID-19, a global approach to vaccination is required. However, vaccine inequities exist in Africa and the Middle East, with countries with better healthcare infrastructure having advantages in acquiring and delivering vaccines. Currently, the greatest challenges to the effective rollout of COVID-19 vaccination in Africa and the Middle East are funding, healthcare resources, infrastructure, and vaccine access and hesitancy. While mechanisms to support vaccine access in low- and middle-income countries are initiated, their success has been limited and vaccine inequity is arguably the biggest hurdle to a successful response. The collection of surveillance data at both regional and global levels is also critical in response to the pandemic and provides the necessary tools and data to drive vaccine development. Conclusion These considerations of the learnings can help refine the pandemic response and inform countries to better prepare for similar public health emergencies.
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