The costs of terrorism: A cross‐national study of six countries

Abstract

Abstract This paper examines the direct economic costs of terrorism (criminal self‐financing, property damage, deaths and injuries, increased security expenditures) in six societies. The analysis shows that the costs of terrorism vary significantly among countries, both absolutely and as regards the pattern of costs. The study concludes that although terrorism has resulted in significant costs, in most societies its direct economic impacts are less than those caused by many other social problems.