Abstract
A possible effect of mini-invasive heart intervention on a response of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal stress axis and conversion of cortisone to cortisol were studied. We have analysed two stress markers levels (cortisol, cortisone) and cortisol/cortisone ratio in 25 sows using minimally invasive heart catheterisation as the stress factor. The values of studied parameters were assessed in four periods of the experiment: (1) the baseline level on the day before intervention, (2) after the introduction of anaesthesia, (3) after conducting tissue stimulation or ablation, and (4) after the end of the catheterisation. For statistical analyses we used the non-parametric Friedman test for four dependent samples (including all four stages of the operation) or three dependent samples (influence of operation only, baseline level was excluded). Statistically significant differences in both Friedman tests were found for cortisol and for cortisone. We have found the highest level of cortisol/cortisone ratio in unstressed conditions, then it decreased to the minimal level at the end of the intervention. We have concluded that cortisol levels are blunted by the influence of anaesthesia after its administration, and therefore decrease back to the baseline at the end of the operation.
Highlights
Stress and stress marker detection has been extensively discussed for many years in both human and veterinary medicine
In our presented study we have studied the stress response of young sows to an invasive heart catheterisation which was supposed to be a stressor
Animals Twenty-five four month old sows (Sus scrofa domestica) were used in the experiment, from the crossbreed Landrace × Large White, details of breeding, housing, etc. of animals were described in our previous publication (Skarlandtová et al, 2012).The sows were in prepubertal age; we can exclude the estrous cycle influence on the stress marker levels
Summary
Stress and stress marker detection has been extensively discussed for many years in both human and veterinary medicine. Stressors trigger a stress response – a complex of physiological, endocrinal, metabolic and behavioural reactions protecting the organism from the injurious effect (Schreiber, 1985; Greenberg et al, 2002; Möstl and Palme, 2002). In order to evaluate the stress response of hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenal axis concentration of the adrenal cortex steroid (cortisol, cortisone) was determined as well as the cortisol/cortisone ratio. Cortisol’s molecular structure is lipophilic, allowing the unbound cortisol to enter freely the target cells through the cell membrane into the cytoplasm where it is bound to specific receptors.The cortisol-receptor complex enters the nucleus and identifies glucocorticoid response elements (GREs), special palindromic DNA sequences, binds to them, and acts as a transcription modulator (Seckl, 1997)
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