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Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS Fe incorporation significantly accelerated the adsorption of CPX on MCM-41.Fe leaching can be ignored when pH was higher than 4.0.pH played an important role in CPX adsorption on Fe-MCM-41.Co-effect of CPX and metal cations on Fe-MCM-41 was investigated.Fe-MCM-41s with various molar ratios of silicon to iron (20, 40, 80, and 160) were prepared to investigate adsorption properties of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPX) in aqueous solutions. Fe-MCM-41s were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Effects of silicon-iron ratio, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature were conducted to explore the adsorption mechanism of CPX on Fe-MCM-41. The results showed that the introduction of iron facilitated the absorption quantity for CPX from 20.04 to 83.33 mg g−1 at 120 min of reaction time, which was mainly attributed to surface complexation. The promotion of hydrophobic effect, electrostatic interactions, and π-π electron donor-acceptor interaction also played coordinate roles in the adsorption process. The experimental kinetic data followed both the pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models, while the adsorption isotherm data fit well to Freundlich model at high temperature. Thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption was spontaneous. Under the effect of electrostatic interaction, pH of the solution strongly affected CPX adsorption. Five representative metal cations (Ca, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd) were chosen to study the effects on CPX adsorption and their complexation. The inhibiting effect of metal cations on CPX adsorption was sequenced in the order of Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd > Ca, which followed the same order as the complexation stability constants between CPX and cations. The Fe-MCM-41 adsorbent possessed excellent reusability for 4 cycles use, suggesting a potential applicability of Fe-MCM-41 to remove CPX in water.
Highlights
During the last decades, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) among the emerging contaminants have caused more concern of environmental research than the conventional priority pollutants (Arp, 2012; Liu and Wong, 2013; Hayat and Marty, 2014; Montes-Grajales et al, 2017)
The results showed that the introduction of iron facilitated the absorption quantity for ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPX) from 20.04 to 83.33 mg g−1 at 120 min of reaction time, which was mainly attributed to surface complexation
Fe-MCM-41s prepared from a hydrothermal process were used as adsorbents to adsorb the CPX in aqueous solutions
Summary
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) among the emerging contaminants have caused more concern of environmental research than the conventional priority pollutants (Arp, 2012; Liu and Wong, 2013; Hayat and Marty, 2014; Montes-Grajales et al, 2017). Various methods have been attempted for the removal of CPX from water, such as ultrasound decomposition (Xiao et al, 2013), photocatalytic degradation (Bojer et al, 2017), membrane bioreactor (Hamjinda et al, 2017), ozonation (Gomes et al, 2017), and adsorption on bamboo-based activated carbon (Carabineiro et al, 2012; Peng et al, 2015; Wang et al, 2015), goethite (Gu et al, 2015), graphene oxide (Chen et al, 2015; Fei et al, 2016), Aluminum and Iron hydrous oxides (Gu and Karthikeyan, 2005), and palygorskite-montmorillonite (Berhane et al, 2016). Adsorption technique is widely applied to remove antibiotics from wastewater as a promising method due to its simple theoretical design, ease of operability, relatively low costs and lower amounts of toxic byproducts
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