Abstract
Transcription Factor7-like2 (TCF7L2) geneplays a role in the control of proglucagon production which is the precursor of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone. GLP-1 protein plays a role in the homeostasis of blood sugar levels by increasing insulin secretion. The presence of this gene variant in beta cells of the pancreas shows impaired insulin secretion in in vivo and in vitro studies.The objective of this study was to strengthen some research results related to the role of TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms in lowering insulin secretion and its correlation to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through an analysis. This study is a quantitative study based on a literature study (meta-analysis).The framework of the meta-analysis concept was based on the determination of odds ratio (OR), standard error (SE), determination of 95% Confidence Interval from ln (OR) and 95% for OR.Furthermore, the calculation of meta-analysis was performed. The analysis was conducted on 27 research results about TCF7L2 gene polymorphism which have been disclosed by 87 researchers in various research. Based on the results of data analysis, the correlation value was 2.6 and was in the acceptance of 95% confidence interval. Genetic and functional data indicate that the TCF7L2 gene plays an important role in insulin secretion and the intermediate phenotypes are associated with adipocytes.The TCF7L2 gene can activate special proteins that affect insulin secretion and sensitivity. The TCF7L2 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the proglucagon gene. Proglucagon is a precursor of the Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone, an insulinotropic hormone produced by enteroendocrine cells. TCF7L2 gene polymorphism plays an important role to decrease the secretion of GLP-1 and ultimately leads to decreased insulin secretion.Based on the correlation value, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between TCF7L2 gene polymorphism and the incidence of T2DM.
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