Abstract
Background and aimAbnormalities in lipid metabolism are commonly observed in patients who were obese. Alongside dyslipidemia, one of the markers in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease is the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which is related to dietary intake. Healthy fat quality indices might affect on AIP. The purpose of this study is to find the possible relationship between dietary fat quality, and AIP and comparison of these indices among obese and non-obese volunteers.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic case-control study with 157 normal and overweight and obese volunteers (n = 71 normal, Age: 38.90 ± 10.976 vs n = 86 overweight/obese, Age: 38.60 ± 9.394) in the age range of 18–65 years. Food intake was measured using FFQ, anthropometric indices (weight, height, body mass index and waist to hip ratio), body composition (visceral fat level, total body water, body fat mass), and lipid profile were measured.ResultsBased on the present results, comparable biochemical parameters including TC (P = 0.580), TG (P = 0.362), LDL (P = 0.687) and HDL (P = 0.151) among overweight/obese volunteers as compared to normal ones were noticed. Effects of dietary fat quality, including Atherogenicity (AI) and Thrombogenicity (TI) hypo/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H), the Cholesterol-Saturated Fat Index (CSI) showed significantly higher AI (P = 0.012) in the overweight/obese group as compared to the normal group. Whereas, h/H (P = 0.034) and ω-6/ω-3 ratio (P = 0.004) were significantly higher in normal-weight volunteers. There was a positive correlation between AI, TI, CSI, SFA, MUFA, PUFA and ω-6/ω-3 ratio with AIP and negative correlation between h/H with AIP in both groups. Despite the significances of these correlations no strong relation was observed by doing multiple regression among normal and overweight/obese groups (R2 = 0.210, R2 = 0.387).ConclusionsIn summary, the present work proposes a direct relationship between dietary fat quality, increased BMI, and lipid abnormalities with AIP. Nevertheless, further large-scale studies are required to sustain a clear conclusion in this wish.
Highlights
Background and aimAbnormalities in lipid metabolism are commonly observed in patients who were obese
There was a positive correlation between AI, TI, Cholesterol-Saturated Fat Index (CSI), SFA, Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), PUFA and ω-6/ω-3 ratio with Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and negative correlation between hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H) with AIP in both groups
In summary, the present work proposes a direct relationship between dietary fat quality, increased body mass index (BMI), and lipid abnormalities with AIP
Summary
Background and aimAbnormalities in lipid metabolism are commonly observed in patients who were obese. One of the markers in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease is the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which is related to dietary intake. The purpose of this study is to find the possible relationship between dietary fat quality, and AIP and comparison of these indices among obese and non-obese volunteers. Among NCDs obesity and hyperlipidemia are two main metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease [1]. Arterial stiffness increases systolic blood pressure (SBP) while reducing diastolic blood pressure (DBP). These consequences along with elevated pulse pressure raise the strain on the left ventricle, leading to increased risk of myocardial infarction and other coronary heart diseases (CHD) [8,9,10]. Over 650 million adults were obese (WHO, 2018), and the United States at the forefront, because approximately 35% of men and 40% of obese women are defined as having a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2 [12, 13]
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