Abstract
Adsorption appliances may turn out to be an alternative to compression-type refrigerators. The adsorption refrigeration machine may be driven by a low-grade heat source, especially solar energy. Solar adsorption cooling systems are environment-friendly and have zero ozone depletion potential. Therefore, the adsorption refrigeration is one kind of energy saving refrigeration methods. The merits of the adsorption refrigeration systems will be more significant especially when it is used in vehicles (automobiles, ships and locomotives), to preserve food and medicines and in air-conditioning. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages as well as the evolution of the technology of adsorptive refrigeration systems. The methods of improving of adsorption refrigeration systems through improvements in adsorbents properties, use of advanced cycles and hybrid systems is also presented. Possible applications and perspectives for development of adsorption cooling systems are also analyzed. The paper describes a test stand of the adsorption-desorption refrigeration. The present investigations have been carried out utilizing the activated carbon granules as an adsorbent and methanol as an adsorbate. The paper demonstrates the measurement of temperature changes in the adsorbent bed and condenser during adsorption-desorption cycles.
Highlights
The energy problem has already been known since the global energy crisis broke out in the 1970s
In the process of the primary energy utilization a great amount of waste heat is discharged into the environment
The growing energy demand and the global climate change are compelling reasons to look for effective utilization of waste thermal energy and renewable energy resources
Summary
The energy problem has already been known since the global energy crisis broke out in the 1970s. Utilisation of solar energy and low-grade waste heat in heat-driven refrigeration cycle is an attractive option. The waste heat (engine exhaust, industrial waste heat etc.) can be effectively utilized in adsorption air conditioning and cooling systems. It can be more significant especially when it is used in vehicles (ships, locomotives and automobiles). The early research work studied the performance of the adsorbent – refrigerant pairs [2, 3] They improved the basic theory of adsorption refrigeration with typical adsorbents: mainly on activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, CaCl2 and the refrigerants were mainly methanol, water, ammonia, hydrogen. With the progress of adsorption refrigeration technology, some silica gel-water adsorption chillers have been commercialized successfully on the market
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