The Contribution of Storage Medium and Membranes in the Microwave Dielectric Response of Packed Red Blood Cells Suspension

Larisa Latypova,Gregory Barshtein,Yuri Feldman,Dan Arbell

doi:10.3390/app10051702

Larisa Latypova, Gregory Barshtein + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/app10051702

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Abstract

During cold storage, packed red blood cells (PRBCs) undergo slow detrimental changes that are collectively termed storage lesion. The aging of the cells causes alterations in the composition of the storage-medium in the PRBC unit. In this paper, we present the comparison of the dielectric response of water in the primary (fresh) storage medium (citrate phosphate dextrose adenine solution, CPDA-1) versus the storage medium from three expired units of PRBCs. Dielectric response of the water molecules has been characterized by dielectric spectroscopy technique in the microwave frequency band (0.5–40 GHz). The dominant phenomenon is the significant increase of the dielectric strength and decrease the relaxation time τ for the samples of the stored medium in comparison with the fresh medium CPDA-1. Furthermore, we demonstrated that removing the ghosts from PRBC hemolysate did not cause the alteration of the dielectric spectrum of water. Thus, the contribution associated with water located near the cell membrane can be neglected in microwave dielectric measurements.

Highlights

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a life-saving procedure whose primary objective is to sustain tissue and organ oxygenation in patients with massive bleeding or acute anemia
For the first time, we evaluated the changes in the composition of the storage-medium caused by packed red blood cells (PRBCs) aging using MDS
We compared the dielectric response of the water in the primary storage medium versus the storage medium from PRBC units and compared microwave dielectric response of water in hemolysate that contains cell membranes with dielectric behavior of water in membranes-free hemolysate

Summary

Introduction

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a life-saving procedure whose primary objective is to sustain tissue and organ oxygenation in patients with massive bleeding or acute anemia. Packed red blood cell (PRBC) donations for transfusion are routinely stored for up to 35 to 42 days, depending on the preservation solution [1]. PRBCs undergo slow detrimental changes that are collectively termed storage lesion [1,2,3]. Aging-related processes (that are at least partially due to the sensitivity of cells to oxidative stress [4]) lead to significant metabolic and structural changes in red blood cells [5,6,7,8], and involve global biochemical and biophysical alteration, remodeling of the cell membrane, and cytoplasm composition [3,9].

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