Abstract
Alcohol consumption, a larger history of childhood parental rejection, and high prenatal androgen exposure have been linked with facilitation and high risk of recidivism in intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. Participants were distributed into two groups according to their alcohol consumption scores as high (HA) and low (LA). HA presented a higher history of childhood parental rejection, prenatal masculinization (smaller 2D:4D ratio), and violence-related scores than LA IPV perpetrators. Nonetheless, the former showed poor socio-cognitive skills performance (cognitive flexibility, emotional recognition and cognitive empathy). Particularly in HA IPV perpetrators, the history of childhood parental rejection was associated with high hostile sexism and low cognitive empathy. Moreover, a masculinized 2D:4D ratio was associated with high anger expression and low cognitive empathy. Parental rejection during childhood and early androgen exposure are relevant factors for the development of violence and the lack of adequate empathy in adulthood. Furthermore, alcohol abuse plays a key role in the development of socio-cognitive impairments and in the proneness to violence and its recidivism. These findings contribute to new coadjutant violence intervention programs, focused on the rehabilitation of basic executive functions and emotional decoding processes and on the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Highlights
Despite the fact that not all men involved in intimate partner violence (IPV) abuse alcohol or other drugs, a large percentage of them attack their partners under the effects of these substances [1].Alcohol consumption has been linked to the facilitation of IPV [2,3] and to high risk of recidivism or maintenance of this type of violence [4]
Alcohol abuse has been related to poor academic performance explained by deficits in working memory and attention and verbal learning [9,10], decision making [11], verbal skills [12], as well as long and short term memories [13]
The final sample was composed of 145 IPV perpetrators volunteers who were recruited from the participants in the CONTEXTO psycho-educational and community-based treatment programme at the Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia
Summary
Despite the fact that not all men involved in intimate partner violence (IPV) abuse alcohol or other drugs, a large percentage of them attack their partners under the effects of these substances [1].Alcohol consumption has been linked to the facilitation of IPV [2,3] and to high risk of recidivism or maintenance of this type of violence [4]. Chronic alcohol abuse affects many cognitive skills In this sense, alcohol abuse has been related to poor academic performance explained by deficits in working memory and attention and verbal learning [9,10], decision making [11], verbal skills [12], as well as long and short term memories [13]. Alcohol abuse has been related to poor academic performance explained by deficits in working memory and attention and verbal learning [9,10], decision making [11], verbal skills [12], as well as long and short term memories [13] These impairments extend to socio-cognitive skills as well. Part of those deficits could be explained by the side effects of childhood abuse and/or rejection, which in turn, increases the likelihood to adopt risky behaviors such as alcohol or drug abuse during adolescence and young adulthood [19]
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