Abstract
Normally, plant phenolics are secondary metabolites involved in the defense mechanisms of plants against fungal pathogens. Therefore, in this study we attempted to quantify and characterize phenolic compounds in leaves of white and red horse chestnut with leaf miner larvae before and after Cameraria ohridella attack. A total of 17 phenolic compounds belonging to the hydroxycinnamic acid, flavan-3-ols and flavonol groups were identified and quantified in white and red horse chestnut leaf extracts. Significantly decreased concentrations of some phenolic compounds, especially of flavan-3-ols, were observed in infected leaves compared to the non-infected ones. Additionally, a higher content of polyphenolic compounds especially (−)-epicatechin and procyanidins in leaves of red-flowering than in white-flowering horse chestnut may explain their greater resistance to C. ohridella insects.
Highlights
Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) is a large tree with sessile leaflets, commonly known as horse chestnut, a rapidly-growing tree that can reach a height of 36 meters
The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the main phenolic compounds in leaves of white and red horse chestnut with leaf miner larvae before and after C. ohridella attack
The extracts from white and red horse chestnut leaves suffering from the attack by a leaf mining insect (C. ohridella) were analyzed by a LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS/MS system
Summary
Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) is a large tree with sessile leaflets, commonly known as horse chestnut, a rapidly-growing tree that can reach a height of 36 meters. Flowers are white or pink with a small red spot and prickly fruits. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in the mountains of the Balkans in southeastern Europe. The white-flowering horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum L.). Over the past two decades, this particular tree species has suffered heavily from attacks by a leaf mining insect known as Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimić, the horse chestnut leaf-miner. It was discovered for the first time in Macedonia in the vicinity of lake Ohrid in 1985
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