Abstract

Bacteria are the most numerous group of organisms. Most of these unicellular organisms are necessary for maintaining the life of other macroorganisms on Earth. These bacteria were essential in biological evolution, and today they are the basis of every food chain in nature. They are present in soil and water. Other bacteria are members of the physiological flora of humans and animals (they live on the skin, in the oral and nasal mucosa, intestines, lower part of the female reproductive system), perform desirable chemical processes and are used in various economic activities. Of the 1,500 described species of bacteria, only about a hundred species are human pathogens.

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