Abstract
In connection with improving the adhesion of locomotives, a study was made of the conditions of contact existing between locomotive driving wheels and the rail. Observations were made of such measurable quantities as contact area and shape, relative movement or “creep” in rolling, and limiting coefficient of friction, with different values of vertical load, wheel diameter, tractive force, etc. The results obtained were compared with the calculations of Hertz, Carter, and others. Whenever possible measurements were made upon actual wheels and rails, but when this was impossible the problem was simulated by a model in a material giving greater deflection under load. Consideration was also given to the effect of wear upon tyres and rails. In general, reasonable agreement was obtained between actual and calculated values, except that the areas of contact could apparently be increased by roughness of the contacting surfaces, and in the case of creep there appeared to be some additional factor which has so far been neglected in calculation.
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