Abstract
To improve the bone regeneration ability of pure polymer, varieties of bioactive components were incorporated to a biomolecular scaffold with different structures. In this study, polysilsesquioxane (POSS), pearl powder and dexamethasone loaded porous carbon nanofibers (DEX@PCNFs) were incorporated into polylactic (PLA) nanofibrous scaffold via electrospinning for the application of bone tissue regeneration. The morphology observation showed that the nanofibers were well formed through electrospinning process. The mineralization test of incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) revealed that POSS incorporated scaffold obtained faster hydroxyapatite depositing ability than pristine PLA nanofibers. Importantly, benefitting from the bioactive components of pearl powder like bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured on the composite scaffold presented higher proliferation rate. In addition, by further incorporating with DEX@PCNFs, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level and calcium deposition were a little higher based on pearl powder. Consequently, the novel POSS, pearl powder and DEX@PCNFs multi-incorporated PLA nanofibrous scaffold can provide better ability to enhance the biocompatibility and accelerate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which has potential applications in bone tissue regeneration.
Highlights
Bone tissue engineering has developed to be an essential method for therapy of bone defects caused by mechanical injury, osteoporosis and other diseases [1,2,3]
PLA-NF scaffold was well prepared with smooth surface, the average diameter was calculated to be around 596 nm, and PS2-NF presented similar morphology as PLA-NF with average diameter of about 568 nm, whereas with the increase of POSS amount, the nanofiber diameter greatly decreased, and some adhesion areas were generated among the fibers
A multi-incorporated PLA nanofibrous scaffold with different functional components was prepared through electrospinning for the application of bone tissue engineering
Summary
Bone tissue engineering has developed to be an essential method for therapy of bone defects caused by mechanical injury, osteoporosis and other diseases [1,2,3]. As a wildly applied strategy to overcome limitations including availability and potential disease transmission from current treating methods of autogenous and allogenous bone grafting, synthetic scaffolds with different components and structures are proposed to provide the necessary support for cell proliferation and mechanical function [4,5,6]. The structure of nanofibers is able to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) to support cell adhesion and proliferation, which has been widely considered to be excellent in tissue regeneration including bone, vascular, skin and nerve conduit [11,12,13,14,15].
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