The Consistency of Chemical Clocks among Coeval Stars

Abstract

Abstract The abundance ratios of some chemical species have been found to correlate with stellar age, leading to the possibility of using stellar atmospheric abundances as stellar age indicators. These chemical clocks have already been calibrated with solar twins and open clusters, but it remains to be seen whether they can be effective at identifying coeval stars in a population that spans a broad parameter space (i.e., the promise of chemical tagging). Since the components of wide binaries are known to be stars of common origins, they constitute ideal laboratories for testing the usefulness of chemical clocks for the age dating of field stars. Using a combination of our new measurements and literature data on wide binaries, we show for the first time that chemical clocks are even more consistent among the components of wide binaries than their individual abundances. Moreover, the special case of HIP 34426/HIP 34407 may indicate that chemical clocks are consistent for coeval stars even when those individual abundances are not. If the assumption that chemical clocks are reliable age indicators is correct, this would constitute the first statistically significant evidence that the components of wide binaries are indeed coeval, validating a large body of published work that relies on that to be the case. Furthermore, our results provide strong evidence that chemical clocks indeed carry important information about stellar birthplaces and chemical evolution, and thus we propose that including them in chemical tagging efforts may facilitate the identification of now-dissolved stellar groups.