Abstract
The paper aims to theoretically and numerically investigate the confinement effect of inert materials on the detonation of insensitive high explosives. An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Doring model of explosive detonation is established and can fully categorize the confinement interactions between insensitive high explosive and inert materials into six types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocities than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation. To confirm the theoretical categorization and obtain the flow details, a second-order, cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamic method based on the characteristic theory of the two-dimensional first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations with Ignition-Growth chemistry reaction law is proposed and can exactly numerically simulate the confinement interactions. The numerical result confirms the theoretical categorization and can further merge six types of interaction styles into five types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocity, moreover, the numerical method can give a new type of interaction style existing a precursor wave in the confining inert material with a larger sonic velocity than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation, in which a shock polar theory is invalid. The numerical method can also give the effect of inert materials on the edge angles of detonation wave front.
Highlights
Insensitive high explosives (IHEs) are gaining popularity in weapon engineering due to their safety
An improved shock polar theory based on the Zeldovich-von Neumann-Döring model of explosive detonation is established and can fully categorize the confinement interactions between insensitive high explosive and inert materials into six types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocities than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation
The numerical result confirms the theoretical categorization and can further merge six types of interaction styles into five types for the inert materials with smaller sonic velocity, the numerical method can give a new type of interaction style existing a precursor wave in the confining inert material with a larger sonic velocity than the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of explosive detonation, in which a shock polar theory is invalid
Summary
Insensitive high explosives (IHEs) are gaining popularity in weapon engineering due to their safety. Eden and Belcher [8] investigated the effects of brass and beryllium (Be) on an EDC35 explosive in the sandwich test, and observed the presence of a preshocked layer in the undetonated explosive and a precursor wave in Be. Aveille and Carion [9] measured the surface velocity of a copper plate that confined TATB-based explosives and indicated a distinctive difference between the experimental result and the simulation results derived from a first-order Lagrangian method with program-burn detonation model. Part 3 presents the numerical simulation study, which comprises: 1) the full derivation of a second-order two-dimensional cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamic method with a phenomenological detonation reaction model; and 2) a detailed analysis of the confinement interaction for typical inert materials with sonic ve-.
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