Abstract
There are three kinds of kang 7 共 attested in the sixteenth century and later Southern Min playscripts as well as the Chinese-character and Romanized Southern Min texts compiled by Spanish missionaries in the seventeenth century: (1) kang 7 共 expressing relationship of co-participation, (2) kang 7 共 exhibiting a unilateral relationship, and (3) kang 7 共 showing a co-ordinate relationship. Ka 7 as a reflex of kang 7 共 is limited to the unilateral relationship construction in modern Taiwanese Southern Min. Thus, there is a lexical replacement by which kang 7 共 claiming both a co-participation relationship and a co-ordinate relationship in earlier times is replaced by kap 4 /kah 4 合 or its dialectal variants such as tsham 1 摻, ham 7 含 and kiau 1 交 in Taiwanese Southern Min. However, the situation concerning the constructional types claimed by kang 7 共 vis-à-vis kap 4 /kah 4 合 is somewhat different if we take other modern Southern Min varieties such as Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Chaozhou into consideration. Quanzhou seems to be more conservative than Zhangzhou and Chaozhou in that kang 7 共 holds faster to its original domain.
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