The concept of fulfillment of rights to land in the land law of Ukraine

Abstract

Introduction. The lack of a comprehensive understanding of the concept of fulfillment of rights to land gives rise to many contentious contradictions, therefore there is a need for a thorough study of this legal phenomenon with the aim of implementing a unified approach and an unambiguous understanding of this conceptand its features. The purpose of the article is to formulate the concept of fulfillment of land rights, which involves the study and disclosure of its important features and legal nature, as well as the separation of the investigated issue into an independent legal phenomenon. Сonclusions. During the research, we came to the conclusion that fulfillment of rights to land should, in our opinion, be considered as a set of actions (legal facts and legal structures) carried out within a certain legal procedure, which leads to the unification of three legal elements – the subject of law, object of law and a certain objective right – into a legally unified legal phenomenon, which is a subjective right, that is, the right of a specific person to a specific land plot (land, land share). Moreover, a certain subjective right in a certain of a person to a certain part of the earth's surface arises only at the last stage of legal activity (legal procedure) – at the time of entering the corresponding entry into the State Register of real rights to immovable property. Accordingly, a certain subjective right cannot exist before such state registration, because it arises exclusively at the time of its implementation (completion). The procedure for fulfillment of rights to land requires the existence of an objective right. Therefore, a subjective right to land can arise only from a person who belongs to the number of persons (groups of persons) defined by law, who can acquire suchrights to land in accordance with the legislation establishing rules of conduct forsubjects of land relations. In order to fulfillment the right, it is also mandatory to have a potential object of a specific subjective right to land, i.e. the presence of a certain part of the earth's surface, which is recognized by law as an object of land rights. A certain subjective right of acertain person to a certain part of the earth's surface cannot exist without the state registration of the land plot in the State Register of Property Rights to immovable property, which is carried out in accordance with the officially prescribed procedureby the authorized state body for the maintenance and administration of the state register Key words: fulfillment of the right to land, legal facts, legal structures, subjectivelaw, object of land rights, state registration.