Abstract
Purpose. Creation of a scientific and practical basis for the development on the basis of mini and micro tunnels of universal low-cost systems for the environmental certification of transport diesel engines in terms of the mass emission of particulate matter with exhaust gases. Methods. Analysis and synthesis of information when studying the systems of ecological certification of diesel engines, physical and mathematical modeling, experimental research of working processes, technical characteristics and efficiency indicators of tunnels. Results. The technical characteristics of mini and micro-tunnels as control systems for mass emissions of diesel particulate matter are considered. The concept of the creation of universal mini- and microtunnels is proposed based on the principles of increasing their compactness, dynamism, management efficiency and accuracy. Conclusions. The results of theoretical and experimental researches and developments on increasing the universality of mini- and microtunnels are presented: mathematical models of work processes, resulting errors and performance indicators of tunnel; new isokinetic and compensation methods for controlling exhaust gas samples; prototypes of a minitunnule with an isokinetic sampler MT-1, microtunnels MKT-1 and MKT-2; test benches for studies of thermal processes in tunnels, isokinetic and compensation sampling regimes; results experimental development of certification procedures for measuring emissions of particulate matter from automotive, tractor and diesel locomotives.
Highlights
Today, when creating transport engines, special attention is paid to their environmental performance, which characterizes the negative impact of these power plants on the environment
Among the most dangerous substances contained in the exhaust gases of diesel engines are solid particles (PM), which determine how all the material collected on special filtering means after passing through them exhaust gas diluted with pure air to a temperature not exceeding 52 °C [1]
– mathematical model of the thermal state of the sample in the tunnel, which allows to determine the required parameters of the dilution of exhaust gas by air in the tunnel – dilution factor and sample temperature before the filter for the selection of PM [7, 8]; these parameters must comply with the conditions for dilution of exhaust gas in a full-flow tunnel, which eliminates the methodological error of the gravimetric method for controlling diesel emissions of PM;
Summary
The results of theoretical and experimental researches and developments on increasing the universality of mini- and microtunnels are presented: mathematical models of work processes, resulting errors and performance indicators of tunnel; new isokinetic and compensation methods for controlling exhaust gas samples; prototypes of a minitunnule with an isokinetic sampler MT-1, microtunnels MKT-1 and MKT-2; test benches for studies of thermal processes in tunnels, isokinetic and compensation sampling regimes; results experimental development of certification procedures for measuring emissions of particulate matter from automotive, tractor and diesel locomotives. Запропоновано концепцію створення універсальних міні- та мікротунелів на основі принципів підвищення їх компактності, динамічності, ефективності керування і точності вимірювального обладнання. Представлено результати теоретичних та експериментальних досліджень та розробок щодо підвищення універсальності міні- та мікротунелів: математичні моделі робочих процесів, нові методи контролю проби, макетні зразки вимірювачів МТ1, МКТ-1, МКТ-2, тощо.
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