The Composition of Hyperacute Serum and Platelet-Rich Plasma Is Markedly Different despite the Similar Production Method.

Dorottya Kardos,Adél Hinsenkamp,Adrienn Sárközi,Zsombor Lacza,Ferenc Bánáti,Susan Szathmary,Kálmán Szenthe,Gabriella Vácz,Melinda Simon,Domonkos Cseh,Olga Kuten,Mariana Masteling,Stefan Nehrer,Tünde Holczer,István Hornyák

doi:10.3390/ijms20030721

Abstract

Autologous blood derived products, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) are widely applied in regenerative therapies, in contrast to the drawbacks in their application, mainly deriving from the preparation methods used. Eliminating the disadvantages of both PRP and PRF, hyperacute serum (HAS) opens a new path in autologous serum therapy showing similar or even improved regenerative potential at the same time. Despite the frequent experimental and clinical use of PRP and HAS, their protein composition has not been examined thoroughly yet. Thus, we investigated and compared the composition of HAS, serum, PRP and plasma products using citrate and EDTA by simple laboratory tests, and we compared the composition of HAS, serum, EDTA PRP and plasma by Proteome Profiler and ELISA assays. According to our results the natural ionic balance was upset in both EDTA and citrate PRP as well as in plasma. EDTA PRP contained significantly higher level of growth factors and cytokines, especially platelet derived angiogenic and inflammatory proteins, that can be explained by the significantly higher number of platelets in EDTA PRP. The composition analysis of blood derivatives revealed that although the preparation method of PRP and HAS were similar, the ionic and protein composition of HAS could be advantageous for cell function.

Highlights

Autologous blood derived products, platelet concentrates, are widely applied nowadays in different regenerative therapies which include wound healing, orthopedics, and dentistry [1,2,3,4,5]
The most commonly used platelet concentrate products are platelet-rich plasma (PRP)— known as first generation blood product—and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is known as second generation blood product
EDTA and citrate PRP were activated by thrombin and CaCl2 with heparin together to prevent coagulation, the chelation capacity of both K3EDTA and sodium citrate was reduced in PRP

Summary

Introduction

Autologous blood derived products, platelet concentrates, are widely applied nowadays in different regenerative therapies which include wound healing, orthopedics, and dentistry [1,2,3,4,5]. The lack of uniformity in PRP preparation methods [4,17] which is mainly caused by the treatment of blood with different anticoagulants like EDTA and citrate, which are the most preferred ones in PRP preparation. Other studies have claimed that platelet aggregation was inhibited more efficiently by using EDTA than acid citrate dextrose solution [19]. [21] The addition of bovine thrombin during PRP preparation may lead to cross-reaction with human factor Va causing bleeding disorder, but it is more effective than activating PRP by repeated freezing and thawing [16] For the activation of citrate and EDTA, PRP thrombin and calcium–chloride or temperature activation can be used. [21] The addition of bovine thrombin during PRP preparation may lead to cross-reaction with human factor Va causing bleeding disorder, but it is more effective than activating PRP by repeated freezing and thawing [16]

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Discussion

Conclusion