Abstract
This paper presents the morphological composition of fraction <80 mm, being separated from municipal solid waste (MSW) and delivered in the winter season to the 21 mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) plants throughout several regions of Poland. This fraction is hereinafter referred to as OFMSW (organic fraction of municipal solid waste). Their properties are considered while using parameters such as: moisture, loss on ignition and organic carbon content, as well as moisture and loss on ignition of screen fractions <10 mm and 10–20 mm that are found within. The main aim of this research was to test waste from 21 industrial installations, and to prove that ash content (fine fractions) in waste intended for MBT was about 1/3 of the mass of overall OFMSW mass. These quantities exceed the limits that were approved for the correct operation of MBT installations. The effect of their high content in MSW during the heating season is low moisture (from 25.4% to 58.3%) and the low loss on ignition (from 23.1% to 54.3% DM [dry matter]), which might even determine their inaptness in terms of biological treatment and incineration. The <10 mm fraction contained on average 31.7 ± 7.5% of water and showed a loss on ignition of 29.8 ± 7.1% DM. These values for the 10–20 mm fraction were respectively: 36.6 ± 12.5% DM and 37.3 ± 8.8% DM, respectively.
Highlights
Combustion wastes generated in household furnaces pose a significant environmental problem.In Poland, the number of households that are heated using solid fuels is estimated at over three-million.For the manual feed, the round and rectangular boilers and furnaces of these households, from 10 to million tonnes of solid fuels are burnt, including various types and sizes of coal biomasses in the form of firewood and pellets
The waste that was used in this study was OFMSW separated in the mechanical part of the mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) plants from municipal solid waste (MSW) delivered to these plants during the winter season (January–February), intended for biological treatment
In the MSW fraction of
Summary
The round and rectangular boilers and furnaces of these households, from 10 to million tonnes of solid fuels are burnt, including various types and sizes of coal biomasses in the form of firewood and pellets. This heating method generates waste in the form of slags and ashes, to an amount that exceeds 2.5 million tonnes per year [1,2,3]. In Poland, independent local governments are responsible for the handling of combustion wastes that were produced by households. Ash can be disposed of at to local Selective Collection Points for Municipal Waste
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