The complete structure of the core of the LPS from Plesiomonas shigelloides 302–73 and the identification of its O-antigen biological repeating unit

Abstract

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen associated with gastrointestinal and extraintestinal infections, which especially invades immunocompromised patients and neonates. The lipopolysaccharides are one of the major virulence determinants in Gram-negative bacteria and are structurally composed of three different domains: the lipid A, the core oligosaccharide and the O-antigen polysaccharide. In the last few years we elucidated the structures of the O-chain and the core oligosaccharide from the P. shigelloides strain 302–73. In this paper we now report the characterization of the linkage between the core and the O-chain. The LPS obtained after PCP extraction contained a small number of O-chain repeating units. The product obtained by hydrazinolysis was analysed by FTICR-ESIMS and suggested the presence of an additional Kdo in the core oligosaccharide. Furthermore, the LPS was hydrolysed under mild acid conditions and a fraction that contained one O-chain repeating unit linked to a Kdo residue was isolated and characterized by FTICR-ESIMS and NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, after an alkaline reductive hydrolysis, a disaccharide α-Kdo-(2→6)-GlcNol was isolated and characterized. The data obtained proved the presence of an α-Kdo in the outer core and allowed the identification of the O-antigen biological repeating unit as well as its linkage with the core oligosaccharide.