Abstract
Although the human parainfluenza virus 4 (HPIV4) has been known for a long time, its genome, alone among the human paramyxoviruses, has not been completely sequenced to date. In this study we obtained the first complete genomic sequence of HPIV4 from a clinical isolate named SKPIV4 obtained at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto (Ontario, Canada). The coding regions for the N, P/V, M, F and HN proteins show very high identities (95% to 97%) with previously available partial sequences for HPIV4B. The sequence for the L protein and the non-coding regions represent new information. A surprising feature of the genome is its length, more than 17 kb, making it the longest genome within the genus Rubulavirus, although the length is well within the known range of 15 kb to 19 kb for the subfamily Paramyxovirinae. The availability of a complete genomic sequence will facilitate investigations on a respiratory virus that is still not completely characterized.
Highlights
Human parainfluenza viruses are enveloped, negative strand RNA viruses belonging to the familyParamyxoviridae, and which cause respiratory tract infections
In this study the first complete genomic sequence of a human parainfluenza virus 4 (HPIV4) was determined. It was based on a clinical isolate, designated SKPIV4, that was shown to be a HPIV4B by direct immunofluorescence microscopy and sequencing of the nucleocapsid (N) gene
The isolation of a HPIV4 from a clinical sample prompted the determination of the complete sequence, undertaken in this study
Summary
Human parainfluenza viruses are enveloped, negative strand RNA viruses belonging to the familyParamyxoviridae, and which cause respiratory tract infections. Human parainfluenza viruses are enveloped, negative strand RNA viruses belonging to the family. In this study the first complete genomic sequence of a HPIV4 was determined. It was based on a clinical isolate, designated SKPIV4, that was shown to be a HPIV4B by direct immunofluorescence microscopy and sequencing of the nucleocapsid (N) gene. The availability of this first complete sequence of HPIV4 fills an important gap in our knowledge of the Paramyxoviridae family and contributes to a complete description of the human virome
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