Abstract
Cerambycidae is one of the most diversified groups within Coleoptera and includes nearly 35,000 known species. The relationships at the subfamily level within Cerambycidae have not been convincingly demonstrated and the gene rearrangement of mitochondrial genomes in Cerambycidae remains unclear due to the low numbers of sequenced mitogenomes. In the present study, we determined five complete mitogenomes of Cerambycidae and investigated the phylogenetic relationship among the subfamilies of Cerambycidae based on mitogenomes. The mitogenomic arrangement of all five species was identical to the ancestral Cerambycidae type without gene rearrangement. Remarkably, however, two large intergenic spacers were detected in the mitogenome of Pterolophia sp. ZJY-2019. The origins of these intergenic spacers could be explained by the slipped-strand mispairing and duplication/random loss models. A conserved motif was found between trnS2 and nad1 gene, which was proposed to be a binding site of a transcription termination peptide. Also, tandem repeat units were identified in the A + T-rich region of all five mitogenomes. The monophyly of Lamiinae and Prioninae was strongly supported by both MrBayes and RAxML analyses based on nucleotide datasets, whereas the Cerambycinae and Lepturinae were recovered as non-monophyletic.
Highlights
Coleoptera (Hexapoda: Insecta) are a highly diverse group of insects consisting of about 360,000 known species of beetles that account for almost 40% of all described insect species (Lawrence & Newton, 1982; Hunt et al, 2007)
We present five completely sequenced mitogenomes of Cerambycidae
Two large intergenic spacers existed in Pterolophia sp
Summary
Coleoptera (Hexapoda: Insecta) are a highly diverse group of insects consisting of about 360,000 known species of beetles that account for almost 40% of all described insect species (Lawrence & Newton, 1982; Hunt et al, 2007). Cerambycidae (longicorn beetles) is one of the species-rich families of Coleoptera and is a group of phytophagous insects with over 4,000 genera and 35,000 species in the world (Monné, Monné & Mermudes, 2009; Sama et al, 2010). Longicorn beetles are morphologically and ecologically diverse, and have significant effects on almost all terrestrial ecosystems (Ponomarenko & Prokin, 2015). Owing to their remarkable species richness, variable morphological features. S. (sensu stricto) has usually been divided into eight subfamilies: Lamiinae, Cerambycinae, Lepturinae, Prioninae, Dorcasominae, Parandrinae, Spondylidinae and Necydalinae (Svacha, Wang & Chen, 1997) whereas Cerambycidae s. Even if the number and definition of Cerambycidae gradually stabilizes, the relationships at the subfamily level remained unclear
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