Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens) is one of the fastest growing lignocellulose abundant plants on Earth. Here, we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the Phyllostachys heterocycla chloroplast genome using next-generation sequencing technology. The genome size is 139,682 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 21,797 bp separated by a large single-copy region and a small single-copy region of 83,217 and 12,871 bp, respectively. A total of 130 genes were annotated, of which 111 were unigenes (77 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes) and 19 are duplicated in the IRs. A phylogenomic analysis showed that P. heterocycla is closely related to P. edulis that belongs to the same genus Phyllostachys of Subfamily Bambusoideae in the grass family. The newly sequenced complete chloroplast genome of P. heterocycla will enhance our knowledge of the evolution and diversification of the bamboo species and potentially help to conserve the bamboo biodiversity.
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