Abstract
The medicinal orchid genus Dendrobium belonging to the Orchidaceae family is a huge genus comprising about 800–1,500 species. To better illustrate the species status in the genus Dendrobium, a comparative analysis of 33 available chloroplast genomes retrieved from NCBI RefSeq database was compared with that of the first complete chloroplast genome of D. nobile from north-east India based on next-generation sequencing methods (Illumina HiSeq 2500-PE150). Our results provide comparative chloroplast genomic information for taxonomical identification, alignment-free phylogenomic inference and other statistical features of Dendrobium plastomes, which can also provide valuable information on their mutational events and sequence divergence.
Highlights
Dendrobium is a huge genus of the tribe Dendrobieae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) that was established by Olof Swartz in 1799
We could identify a total of 20, 81 and 11 genes duplicated in the Inverted Repeat (IR), Large Single Copy (LSC) and Small Single Copy (SSC) regions respectively in the D. nobile cp genome
This study provides the first comparative account on the complete chloroplast genome of D. nobile from north-east India with 33 other species from the genus Dendrobium that revealed higher sequence variation in SSC and LSC regions compared with IR regions in both coding and non-coding regions
Summary
Dendrobium is a huge genus of the tribe Dendrobieae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) that was established by Olof Swartz in 1799 It includes approximately 800–1,500 species and occurs in diverse habitats throughout much of Southeast Asia, including China, Japan, India, and the Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, Vietnam, Australia and many of the islands in the Pacific (Wood, 2006). Dendrobium orchids are popular for their visual appeal in cut flower market, and for their herbal medicinal history of about 2,000 years in east and south Asian countries (Bulpitt et al, 2007). Many species in this genus have been extensively used as herbal medicines for several hundreds of years in treating diseases like kidney and lung. Many Dendrobium species in the wild face an extreme threat of extinction due to their low germination and slow growth rate, habitat decline and over exploitation arising out of anthropogenic activities (Kong et al, 2003)
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