The comparisons of blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid S100B protein concentrations in patients with Alzheimer`s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis

Abstract

<b>Introduction:</b>S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) is a biochemical marker of astroglial damage. <br/><b>Purpose:</b> To assess the pathophysiological implications of S100B concentrations in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurodegenerative central nervous system disorders. <br/><b>Materials and Methods:</b> In this study, we determined and compare S100B concentrations in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid obtained from subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (n=20), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n=12), multiple sclerosis (n=40) and the reference group (n=20), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <br/><b>Results:</b> Concentrations of S100B in plasma collected from patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (252,38±183,50 pg/mL) and multiple sclerosis (164,92±250,14 pg/mL) were above laboratory standards, but in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (53,96±56,92 pg/mL) and the reference group (2,12 pg/mL) were below laboratory norms (N>75 pg/mL). Concentrations of S100B in plasma collected from patients with Alzheimer's disease (252,38±183,50 pg/mL) were significantly higher than in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (53,96±56,92 pg/mL) (p<0,029). Concentrations of S100B in CSF collected from the reference group (546,96±236,62 pg/mL) and from patients with Alzheimer's disease (587,53±189,57 pg/mL), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (404,41±179,56 pg/mL), multiple sclerosis (462,03±146,01 pg/mL) were very similar, and none of pairwise comparisons reached statistical significance. <br/><b>Conclusions:</b> Results of our studies indicate the importance of S100B protein concentration assessment in blood in central nervous system disorders differential diagnostics.