Abstract
Sargassum species, a group of marine brown algae consumed in Asian countries, have shown various health benefits, such as improving the conditions of cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and hypopigmentation. Also, these benefits are associated with their phenolic content and strong antioxidant capacities. However, the antioxidant capacities of different Sargassum species had not been thoroughly explored and compared. Thus, this study aimed to compare the total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, total antioxidant capacities, and anti-tyrosine activity of eleven Sargassum species harvested off the Korean coast. The results revealed that the total phenolic content (from 20.57 to 88.97 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoid content (from 22.08 to 82.33 mg quercetin equivalent/g dw), anti-tyrosinase activity (from 13.30 to 126.30 mg kojic acid equivalent/dw), and antioxidant capacities of the 11 Sargassum species had wide ranges. Among them, S. miyabei Yendo and S. hemiphyllum showed the highest total antioxidant capacities while S. miyabei Yendo exhibiting the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The highest anti-tyrosinase activity was seen in S. fillicinum and S. yendoi. Sargahydroqunoic acid and sargachromanol, two alga-derived meroterpenoid compounds with strong antioxidant activity, were detected and quantified in S. miyabei Yendo and S. serratifolium. Our findings guarantee further investigation of the health benefits of Sargassum species and maximize the commercial usage of these species.
Highlights
Seaweed farming cultivates and harvests seaweed for a food source and non-food usage
Asian countries have a long history of consuming Sargassum species. e nutritional assessment showed that Sargassum contains a diversity of bioactive compounds, including vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides. e known health benefits of Sargassum species include reducing the risk of chronic diseases including obesity, types of cancers, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegeneration diseases [3]
Total flavonoid contents of Sargassum species are listed in Table 1. e total flavonoid content ranged from 22.08 to 82.33 mg quercetin equivalent of dry weight which was 3.7 times different between the highest and lowest samples
Summary
Seaweed farming cultivates and harvests seaweed for a food source and non-food usage. According to the World Fisheries and Aquaculture, global production of farmed seaweeds increased from 13.5 million tons in 1995 to over 30 million tons in 2016. Family Sargassaceae, order Fucales Kylin, class Cyclosporophyceae, is one of the eight genera that provide the majority (96.8%) of the world seaweed aquaculture production in 2018 [1]. With 361 taxonomically accepted species, Sargassum is considered one of the richest genera among the large brown seaweed [2]. Sargassum species inhabit shallow water and coral reefs throughout the world. Asian countries have a long history of consuming Sargassum species. E nutritional assessment showed that Sargassum contains a diversity of bioactive compounds, including vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides. Asian countries have a long history of consuming Sargassum species. e nutritional assessment showed that Sargassum contains a diversity of bioactive compounds, including vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides. e known health benefits of Sargassum species include reducing the risk of chronic diseases including obesity, types of cancers, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegeneration diseases [3]
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