The comparison of platelet parameters in Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) and Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD) anticoagulants at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous plasma with a platelet concentration above normal values. It contains high levels of growth factor, which plays an important role in tissue repair. The quality of PRP products is influenced by the platelet count, anticoagulants, speed, and centrifugation duration. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) and Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD) in PRP preparation by measuring the platelet count (PLT) and platelet index (MPV and PDW).Methods: Experimental laboratory study involved 25 volunteers performed at Hasanuddin University Hospital from September-October 2020. The values of PLT, MPV, PDW were measured using Sysmex XS-800i®. The parameters comparison between EDTA and ACD groups was analyzed using an independent T-test. A comparison of pre and post centrifugation was using paired T-test (significant if p<0.05). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 for Windows.Results: The mean PLT in the EDTA sample was significantly lower than ACD (539.10x103/µL vs. 769.8x103/µL; p<0.05). Mean MPV and PDW in EDTA were significantly higher than ACD (10.7fL vs 8.9fL and 12.7fL vs 9,8fL; p<0,001). However, the mean MPV and PDW in the ACD sample did not change significantly (p>0.05).Conclusion: PRP with ACD had a higher platelet count than EDTA, without significant platelet index changes.ACD is a more effective anticoagulant for the preparation of PRP than EDTA.