The comparison of morphological characters and capsaicinoid contents of the 4th generation chili pepper genotypes G1/01 and G7/01 (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Abstract

The study aims to identify the morphological and physiological variation of the 4th generation of C. frutescens L. G1/01 and G7/01. The morphological data measured based on IPGRI, AVRDC and CATIE descriptors, and capsaicinoid content measured using spectrophotometry were used to build Jaccard similarity-based cladogram. The results showed that 40% of the G1/01 and 100% of the G7/01 plant height were categorized into very high category (> 85 cm). One hundred percent of the G1/01 and G7/01 were categorized into very early and late flowering, respectively. Eighty-five percent of the G1/01 and 100% of the G7/01 fruit length were categorized into normal (1-5cm). Ninety percent of the G1/01 and 56% of the G7/01 fruit diameters were categorized into normal (>0.5-1cm). Eighty-nine percent of G1/01 and 100% of G7/01 fruit weight were categorized into moderate (0.1-2g). Eighty percent of the G1/01 and 100% of the G7/01 number of seeds were categorized into moderate (>50-200 seeds) and small (<50 seeds), respectively. The capsaicinoid content of G1/01 and G7/01 was significantly lower than the original type. Mutant T39 (G7/01) had the highest capsaicinoid content (19.35mg/g). In the dendrogram, genotypes G1/01 and G7/01 were separated based on the character of the node color, petal color, peel surface, leaf color, and flowering time. G1/01 formed five clusters while G7/01 formed two clusters. G1/01 is more varied than G7/01.