Abstract
Nowadays, with the extension of travel distances and accessibility to the various commuting options, multimodal trip proposes as the most competent travelling strategy. However, with increasing in demand by using these options as well as metro, subway, buses, cycles and sidewalk, some problems arose. The import of this quantitative study is to sympathize with the significance of the multimodal as a novel factor in the transportation. In this study, we discussed about cost and time as two significant factors, which affect everybody's life. While improving these two factors have a meaningful effect on encouraging/discouraging private vehicle commuters to switch to public transport. The methodology of this study is an empirical research in which a survey was conducted among the students at The National University of Malaysia with a numeric sample. Hence, a case study based on areas around UKM campus is used to demonstrate the results. What were investigated in this study were the attributes of a reduction in either travel cost or time to promote people who use their own vehicles to shift toward public transportation. The results show that the two factors: time and cost made a significant contribution in motivating private vehicle users to switch public transport. However, the most important purpose of this study was determining the most effective factor (at least based on our condition) since it's not practically possible to have the travel time and cost reduction together.
Highlights
Multimodal movements are those in which two or more different transportation modes are linked end-toend in order to move freight and/or people from the point of origin to point of destination
Multimodal public transport is a kind of multimodal transportation which has a same definition but the difference is multimodal public transport is used for inner-urban trips and multimodal transport can be defined for inner-urban trips as well as long distance trips by ship, airplane, car, train, etc
Most literature on multimodal trips has been executed by many authors,stated that different factors can affect multimodal trips as well as: Time: Noland and Polak (2002) in their study identified the differences between travel time variability and congestion, since a transportation system with high congestion may have very stable day-today travel times
Summary
Multimodal movements are those in which two or more different transportation modes are linked end-toend in order to move freight and/or people from the point of origin to point of destination. The methodology of this calculated by Microsoft Excel ANOVA test, based on study is considered multimodal public transport by the survey data obtained from questions related to the examination with real case study in The National proportion of students board on bus with respect to a University of Malaysia (UKM) which 151 students of series of proposed travel time/cost reduction.
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