Abstract
Citronella essential oil extraction can be settled through various methods. The extraction method used can affect the quantity of the essential oil obtained. The advanced extraction method provides good efficiency and effectiveness. One of the advanced extraction methods is Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). The MAE method has many developments, including Microwave Steam Distillation (MSD) and Microwave Steam Diffusion (MSDf). In this research, the MSD and MSDf methods were studied by comparing the products of citronella oil obtained. In addition, the general techniques of MSD and MSDf were compared with the MSD and MSDf methods by applying the Chouhan technique. The results showed that the yield extraction of citronella oil using the MSD method was higher than that of the MSDf method, whether with or without the application of the Chouhan technique, where the highest yield was 3.2% (w/w) obtained by using the MSD method combined with the Chouhan technique. Analysis of the refractive index and color of citronella oil products obtained using the MSD and MSDf methods with or without modified by Chouhan technique generally have met the SNI standard. Besides, the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis showed that the main component in citronella oil extracted using the MSD and MSDf methods was the same, namely geraniol, in the value of 48.52% and 46.82%, respectively.
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