Abstract
目的 研究精神分裂症、抑郁症患者及其Ⅰ级亲属的认知功能.方法采用词汇测验、木块图测验、逻辑记忆测验、视觉再生测验、Benton线方向判断测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验等评估认知功能.结果1.精神分裂症、抑郁症患者在词汇测验、木块图测验、逻辑记忆测验、视觉再生测验、Benton线方向判断测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验方面差于正常对照,亦分别差于其Ⅰ级亲属.2.精神分裂症患者Ⅰ级亲属与抑郁症Ⅰ级亲属间仅在智商[(99.46±11.63)分Vs(105.13±10.56)分]、WCST的持续错误数[(30.15±19.69)分Vs(22.75±18.75)分]方面有差异.3.精神分裂症Ⅰ级亲属在词汇、智商、视觉再生、逻辑记忆以及WCST的总应答数、持续错误数方面较正常对照差,抑郁症患者Ⅰ级亲属仅在词汇[(11.45±1.55)分Vs(12.05±2.35)分]、视觉再生[(9.36±2.47)分Vs(10.87±2.50)分]、逻辑记忆[(12.45±3.67)分Vs(16.12±4.25)分]以及WCST的总应答数[(110.06±6.62)分Vs(105.81±20.88)分]方面较正常对照差.结论精神分裂症、抑郁症患者存在认知功能损害,前者较后者更严重;精神分裂症、抑郁症Ⅰ级亲属存在不同程度的认知功能损害,认知功能受损具有一定的遗传特质性。
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