The Comparative Efficiency of Organic, Mineral and Organo-Mineral Fertilizers for the Winter Wheat Grain Yield in the Forest-Steppe of the Volga Region

Alevtina Kulikova,Elena Volkova,Alexander Karpov,Evgeniy Yashin,A Valiev,A Taylan,M Nizamutdinov,D.A Zyukin,B Ziganshin,F Nezhmetdinova,W Heijman,D.I Zhilyakov,I Safiullin,R Nizamov,M Kalimullin

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213700094

Abstract

The study deals with organic, mineral and organo-mineral systems of winter wheat fertilization in the conditions of the Volga forest-steppe. According to the organic fertilization system, straw of the predecessor, green manure and Biocomposite-correct were introduced into the soil (typical medium-thick medium loamy chernozem) for green manure mass (vetch-oat mixture). The organo-mineral system included two options: straw applied together with nitrogen in a dose of 10 kg per 1 ton of straw and zeolite enriched with amino acids. The mineral fertilizers were nitrogene phosphorus with the NPK content of 16 kg ai/ha, carbamide and potassium chloride. In addition, highly siliceous rock zeolite was applied as a fertilizer. It was found that the use of organic and organomineral fertilizers improves the nutrient regime of the soil; in terms of the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the arable layer, these options were not inferior to the option with the use of mineral fertilizers. When introducing zeolite enriched with amino acids, the yield of winter wheat exceeded the option with the use of mineral fertilizers by 0.59 t/ha. The use of organic and organo-mineral fertilizers contributes to the production of environmentally friendly products

Highlights

In modern conditions of agricultural production, one of the strategic directions of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is the elimination of antagonistic contradictions between human activities and agroecosystems, ensuring food, environmental and economic security
The combined use of straw and nitrogen in a dose of 10 kg/t and green manure, as well as straw, biological products and green manure improved the nutritional regime of typical chernozem: the content of mineral nitrogen in the arable layer increased by 1.0–1.4 mg/kg, the content of available phosphorus compounds increased by 5–7 mg/kg and the content of potassium increased by 14–12 mg/kg
When zeolite and zeolite fertilizers were introduced into the soil, the nitrogen regime of the soil exceeded the option with mineral fertilizers

Summary

Introduction

In modern conditions of agricultural production, one of the strategic directions of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is the elimination of antagonistic contradictions between human activities and agroecosystems, ensuring food, environmental and economic security. It is possible to harmonize human economic activities with the laws of nature, which involves the maximum use of biogenic resources of the agroecosystems as fertilizers (straw and other plant residues, green manure, biological preparations, etc.). Modern varieties of winter wheat are capable of realizing their potential only against the background of high mineral nutrition and neutral reactions of the soil environment. The higher yield is possible with the use of high doses of mineral fertilizers. The latter are fraught with significant risks of obtaining environmentally unsafe products; the environmental pollution and is not always economically justified. The above was taken into account when drawing up a scheme of field experiments

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusion