Abstract
The aim of the present controlled clinical study was to compare the clinical response of grafting superporous hydroxyapatite (HAp) granules to superporous HAp blocks in the treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects. Twenty interproximal intrabony os-seous defects in 20 healthy, non-smoking subjects diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. These twenty subjects were randomly assigned to either the HAp granule or the HAp block groups. Clinical and radiographic measurements were determined at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12-month post-surgical evaluation time periods. When compared to baseline, the 12-month results indicated both treatment procedures resulted in statistically significant favorable changes in probing depth (mean value: 3.5 mm versus 3.5 mm), clinical attachment level gain (3.2 mm versus 2.3 mm) and radiographic infrabony defect depth decrease (2.9 mm versus 2.5 mm) for HAp granule and HAp block grafting respectively. At 3- and 6-months, the granule group, when compared to the block group, exhibited a statistically significantly more favorable clinical response in clinical attachment level (4.1 mm versus 5.9 mm, p < 0.05 at 3-months; 4.3 mm versus 6.5 mm, p < 0.01 at 6- months). The present study demonstrated that both grafting of superporous HAp granules and grafting of HAp blocks were similarly successful in the treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects.
Highlights
To regenerate periodontal osseous defects caused by chronic periodontitis is a very important outcome of periodontal therapy
The aim of the present controlled clinical study was to compare the clinical response of grafting superporous hydroxyapatite (HAp) granules to superporous HAp blocks in the treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects
The 12-month results indicated both treatment procedures resulted in statistically significant favorable changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level gain (3.2 mm versus 2.3 mm) and radiographic infrabony defect depth decrease (2.9 mm versus 2.5 mm) for HAp granule and HAp block grafting respectively
Summary
To regenerate periodontal osseous defects caused by chronic periodontitis is a very important outcome of periodontal therapy. A variety of graft materials have been widely embraced for being used in periodontal regenerative therapy. Autogenous bone, allogeneic bone, and artificial bone have been used to reconstruct lost periodontal defects; the use of autogenous bone involves high surgical invasiveness because of the need to often harvest the bone from a separate surgical site. Artificial bone has several advantages, including no need for bone harvesting from a separate surgical site or cadaver, excellent biocompatibility, and a relatively user friendly surgical procedure. Design requirements for artificial bone include surgical manipulability, structural compatibility with the area exhibiting the osseous defect, support properties of the graft material, and the ability to induce bone regeneration. Artificial bone is used in many patients in our clinic, and we have been active in developing the generation of artificial bone with more favorable clinical properties
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