Abstract
The paper deals with an energetic, economic and ecologic comparative analysis regarding the installations for the incineration of wood waste in order to ensure the heat for a centralised system used for the supply of thermal energy. The results obtained have highlighted the advantages and disadvantages for each type of fuel used. An aggregate indicator regarding the energetic, economic and environmental effects was conceived in order to obtain a synthetic image concerning the performances of natural gas / wood waste.
Highlights
The biomass is considered to be all the animal and vegetal origin products which are used for the production of energy; the biomass represents approximately half (44 – 65%) of the total renewable energy sources used in EU
The increase percentage mentioned previously is due to the fact that the energetic equivalent of wood waste is 31.90% of the energetic equivalent of natural gas, while the heat generator efficiency supplied with wood waste represents 92.31 % of the efficiency corresponding to gas supply
Summing up the two percentages, it results 24.44% representing the reduction of the energetic performance of the use of wood waste in relation to the natural gas. 29.44% is found in most of the consumption of wood waste compared to the natural gas – 100 % - 29.44 % = 70.56 %
Summary
The biomass is considered to be all the animal and vegetal origin products which are used for the production of energy; the biomass represents approximately half (44 – 65%) of the total renewable energy sources used in EU. Taking into account the parallel co-incineration, the biomass is burnt in a separate boiler while the steam resulted is fed into a burning system of the coal where its temperature and pressure are increased. The technologies with the greatest interest are presented in the Table 2: direct incineration in the boilers; advanced thermal conversion of the biomass into a secondary fuel through gasification or pyrolysis followed by the use of the fuel by an engine or by a turbine; biologic conversion into methane through aerobic bacteria digestion; chemical and biochemical conversion of organic matter into hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, or diesel fuel; combined incineration: direct and indirect co-incineration; parallel co-incineration; energetic plantations on slag heaps. Applications boiler steam engine heating up spaces, process heat hot water, electricity / heat boiler, gas engine gas turbine combustion cells heat electricity / heat synthetic gas, liquid fuel, chemicals heat transport engine, boiler engine electricity / heat electricity / heat transport
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