Abstract
A municipality is a basic local government unit (LGU) in Poland. It is responsible for the safety of its citizens, especially in circumstances of flood hazard. A municipality is a unique social-ecological system (SES), distinguished by its ability to adapt to flood hazard. It is impossible to specify the conditions a municipality has to reach to achieve the highest adaptability to flood hazard, however, it is possible to assign a level of adaptability to a municipality, one that corresponds to the position of a given municipality among the population of assessed municipalities threatened by floods. Therefore, a tool was developed to rank municipalities by their adaptability on the assumption that the assessment of municipal adaptability was influenced by 15 selected features. The research was carried out using data from the period of 2010–2016 for 18 municipalities-SESs located in the Nysa Kłodzka sub-basin. It was indicated that municipalities located in the higher course of the river possess higher levels of adaptability. At the same time, the size of a flood stands for each municipality position with regards to the synthetic adaptability index (SAI).
Highlights
The increasing occurrence of hazardous natural phenomena that have severe consequences, such as floods [1,2,3], is forcing the development of management tools that help minimize the adverse consequences of such phenomena
With regard to this catchment, the comparison criterion was determined by the values of the synthetic measures of 15 non-observable statistical features in relation to the characteristics of the municipalities, determining their adaptability to flood risk
The ranking of municipalities according to the level of adaptability
Summary
The increasing occurrence of hazardous natural phenomena that have severe consequences, such as floods [1,2,3], is forcing the development of management tools that help minimize the adverse consequences of such phenomena These tools may be helpful when making decisions in conditions of uncertainty resulting from the randomness of this hazardous phenomena [4]. The sensitivity involves the characteristics (features) of an SES’s elements exposed to flood hazard, which make floods a cause of various losses [16,17] Both the exposure and the sensitivity of the elements of the system at risk of floods affect the scale of potential loss. A system’s resilience to flood hazard is shaped by its durability, as well as its capability to adapt and to transform (this happens when adverse consequences and the scale of a cSautsatacinlyabsimlityf2o0r2c0e, 4a, xsyFOstRemPEEtoR rReEcVrIeEaWte its basic functions, i.e., to adapt) [18,19,20,21]
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