Abstract
The coming of age of insulin-signaling in insects.
Highlights
Since the first isolation of insulin-like proteins (ILPs) from the silkmoth, Bombyx mori in 1987, discoveries of ILPs in other insects mushroomed and propelled intense studies of the functional roles of ILPs in numerous insect species
The consensus is that the role of insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) in insects bears close similarities to its functional counterparts in the insulin/insulin-like growth factors of vertebrates
They function as regulators of sugar homeostasis and promote cell division and tissue growth and interact with ecdysteroids and possibly juvenile hormones (JHs) during development
Summary
Since the first isolation of insulin-like proteins (ILPs) from the silkmoth, Bombyx mori in 1987, discoveries of ILPs in other insects mushroomed and propelled intense studies of the functional roles of ILPs in numerous insect species. IIS interacts with various major signaling pathways such as the Target of Rapamycin TOR (an important nutrient sensor) and FOXO (a regulator of stress tolerance, longevity, diapause, and growth). The IIS functions presented here include nutrition, growth and development, behavior, lifespan, semi-lethality, stress, dietary restriction, reproduction, axon guidance, and circadian and seasonal timekeeping.
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