Abstract
To benefit from green entrepreneurship, firms need to simultaneously possess an entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and a green orientation (GO) which in fact may conflict with each other as they aim to address potentially contradictory interests from different stakeholders. This study develops a contingent view of the effects of interaction between EO and GO on firm profitability by considering three institutional factors—provincial government opacity, provincial gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and religious intensity—as boundary conditions. The results obtained by analyzing first- and second-hand data support a non-significant interaction effect of EO and GO; such an interaction effect was positive when firms are located in provinces with low GDP per capita or in places with low religious intensity, but was negative when provincial government opacity is low or when religious intensity is high.
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