The Combined Genotoxic Effects of Radiation and Occupational Pollutants

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this research is to determine how short-term tests can be used as a first screen to evaluate the potential interaction between damage induced by radiation and chemicals present in the work environment. There is a potential for exposure of workers to both radiation and chemicals. Exposure standards are set one compound at a time. Little consideration is given to potential additive, antagonistic, or synergistic interactions caused by combined exposures to physical and chemical agents. Short-term tests can help identify areas of concern. We are reporting on the types of interactions observed between radiation-induced cytogenetic damage in vitro with that induced by metals, fibers, and organic solvents present in the nuclear industry and at nuclear waste sites. Synergistic interactions were observed for the induction of chromatid deletions and chromatid exchanges by combined exposure to beryllium and X rays. These aberrations are produced by radiation only during the S/G2 stages of the...