THE COMBINATION OF OTTOMAN, SELJUK, AND CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURAL STYLES IN ÇAMLICA MOSQUE, ISTANBUL AS THE LARGEST MOSQUE IN TURKIYE

Abstract

The Çamlıca Mosque was built in a combination of Ottoman, Seljuk and modern architectural styles. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of Ottoman, Seljuk, and Modern architectural styles to the Çamlıca Mosque and to examine the character of the components in the Çamlıca Mosque from the aspect of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome and examines the facade, the structure of the building, and the functions of the mosque. This research is unique because it proves which architectural style stands out the most. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative exploratory by conducting direct observations to determine the combination of Ottoman architectural style, Seljuk architectural style, and Contemporary architectural style. The results of this study can be explained that the main features of the Çamlıca Mosque still maintain the presence of the yard, mihrab, minaret, dome with other features namely Rewaqs and Iwan. The facade of the Çamlıca Mosque, especially the use of wall materials are concrete, glass, a combination of glass and wood, and contemporary marble, while the shape of the door is a combination of Seljuk, Ottoman, and contemporary architecture with floral motifs, geometry, and calligraphy. The structure of the building, especially the columns, has various shapes, sizes, colors, materials. The functions of the Çamlıca Mosque complex are only a mosque as a place of worship and a library and this is in accordance with the theory of mosque functions in Ottoman Architecture although some functions are absent. Other functions of the Çamlıca Mosque are contemporary functions, namely art galleries, art studios, indoor and outdoor play rooms, gardens, museums, and conference rooms. The conclusion of this study is that the main style that dominates the application of architecture in the Çamlıca Mosque is the contemporary style.