The Combination of Mycophenolate Mofetil with Corticosteroids Induces Remission of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nephritis

Abstract

Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a form of systemic vasculitis that can progress to Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), and the most effective treatment remains controversial. Our aim was to compare the effects of oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) with low-dose prednisone and the full-dose corticosteroids (CS; prednisone) for the induction therapy of HSPN with large proteinuria. Methods: Fifty-three patients with biopsy-proved HSPN with large proteinuria (>2.0 g/24 h) were divided into two groups: the MMF group (n = 27) who received oral MMF 1.0 g/day (1.5 g/day for patients with a body weight >70 kg) combined with low-dose prednisone (0.4–0.5 mg/kg/day), and the CS group (n = 26) who received the full-dose prednisone (0.8–1.0 mg/kg/day). We compared the effects of inducing remission at 6-month follow-up and the overall remission rate at the end of the follow-up between the two groups. Results: At 6 months, the estimated glomerular filtration rate level remained stable, while the urine protein decreased significantly in both groups, and the remission rate was 76.9% in the CS group and 55.5% in the MMF group (p = 0.101). With a median follow-up of 28.8 months in the CS group and 28.2 months in the MMF group, the overall remission rate was 80.8% in the CS group and 77.8% in the MMF group (p = 0.788). The MMF group had less side effects than the CS group (48.1 vs. 76.9%, p = 0.031). The relapse was 4/21 (19.0%) in the CS group and 0/21 in the MMF group (p = 0.115). Conclusion: MMF is useful for inducing remission and maintaining remission in Chinese HSPN, and may be used as a steroid-sparing agent in the treatment of HSPN.