The Combination of Concentrated Growth Factor and Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Sheet Repairs Skull Defects in Rats.

Abstract

The goal of this study was to create a biomaterial which combines concentrated growth factor (CGF) with an adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheet to promote the repair of skull defects in rats. We determined the optimal concentration of CGF extract by investigating the effects of different concentrations (0, 5%, 10%, and 20%) on the proliferation and differentiation of ADSCs. Then we created a complex combining CGF with an ADSC sheet, and tested the effects on bone repair in four experimental rat groups: (A) control; (B) ADSC sheet; (C) CGF particles; (D) combination of CGF + ADSCs. Eight weeks after the procedure, osteogenesis was assessed by micro-CT and hematoxylin and eosin staining. We found that the concentration of CGF extract that promoted optimal ADSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro was 20%. In turn, bone regeneration was promoted the most by the combination of CGF and ADSCs. In this study, we determined the optimal ratio of CGF and ADSCs to be used in a biomaterial for bone regeneration. The resulting CGF/ADSCs complex promotes maxillofacial bone defect repair in rats.