Abstract
BackgroundPoor sperm quality can negatively affect embryonic development and IVF outcome. This study is aimed at investigating the influence of various lifestyle factors on semen quality according to MSOME (motile sperm organelle morphology examination) criteria.Methods1683 male patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in our clinic were surveyed about their age, BMI (body mass index), ejaculation frequency, nutrition, sports, sleeping habits and social behavior. Semen samples were collected and evaluation of semen parameters according to MSOME and WHO criteria was performed. Results were grouped and statistically analyzed.ResultsAlthough single parameters had minor effects on sperm parameter, the combination of age, BMI, coffee intake, ejaculatory frequency and duration of sexual abstinence were identified as factors having a negative effect on sperm motility. Additionally, we could demonstrate that MSOME quality was reduced. The negative impact of age, BMI and coffee intake on sperm quality could be compensated if patients had a high ejaculation frequency and shorter periods of sexual abstinence.ConclusionsCombinations of adverse lifestyle factors could have a detrimental impact on sperm, not only in terms of motility and sperm count but also in terms of sperm head vacuolization. This negative impact was shown to be compensated by higher ejaculation frequency and a shorter period of sexual abstinence. The compensation is most likely due to a shorter storage time in the male gonads, thus reducing the duration of sperms’ exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Highlights
Poor sperm quality can negatively affect embryonic development and In vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome
Study participants Our study aimed to investigate a putative influence of lifestyle factors on sperm quality according to World Health Organization (WHO) as well as Motile sperm organelle morphology examination) (MSOME) criteria employing an extensive questionnaire. 1683 men undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) at our center filled in this questionnaire answering questions regarding age, body mass index (BMI), caffeine and alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, sauna, frequency of sexual activity, possible increased stressperception and nutrition behavior
In respect to the possibility that putative pre-conditions might affect patients’ spermatogenesis, we asked them about diseases and operations. 152 patients stated that they had fever within the last 3 month, 262 men have had parotitis epidemica before, and 40 participants have suffered from a clamydia trachomatis infection in the past. 162 patients had undergone an operation and 131 of them in particular an operation in the groin area
Summary
This study is aimed at investigating the influence of various lifestyle factors on semen quality according to MSOME (motile sperm organelle morphology examination) criteria. The introduction of MSOME (Motile Sperm Organelle Morphology Examination) by Bartoov and colleagues [10] permits the examination of subcellular defects like nuclear vacuoles at high magnification (6000-12500x) in real time on vital sperm. Such defects are not detectable under standard magnification during ICSI [10,11]. MSOME has been considered as representing an improvement in the evaluation of semen quality [19,20]. MSOME that was subsequently applied to complement ICSI and IMSI (Intracytoplasmic Morphologically Selected Sperm Injection) became a standard technique in assisted reproduction
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