Abstract

The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment (CMS) is operating at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy and at a bunch spacing of 25 ns. Upgrades are necessary for the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC). We review the design and R&D studies for the CMS ECAL crystal calorimeter upgrade. We present test beam results of hadron irradiated PbWO4 crystals up to fluences expected at the HL-LHC. We also report on the R&D for the new readout and trigger electronics, which must be upgraded due to the increased trigger and latency requirements at the HL-LHC.

Highlights

  • The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment (CMS) electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL)[1] is crucial for the identification and reconstruction of photons and electrons, and contributes to the measurement of jets and missing transverse momentum

  • Precise measurements of the energy and momentum of electrons are important for Higgs physics and for many physics topics beyond the standard model (BSM)

  • The ECAL was designed[2] to meet these criteria up to an integrated luminosity of 500 fb−1 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) over 10 years of data taking at a peak instantaneous luminosity of 1 × 1034 cm−2s−1

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Summary

Introduction

The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL)[1] is crucial for the identification and reconstruction of photons and electrons, and contributes to the measurement of jets and missing transverse momentum. It is composed of a barrel part (EB) covering the region of pseudorapidity |η| < 1.48 and two endcaps (EE), which extend the coverage up to |η| = 3.0. Upgrades to the ECAL are necessary to maintain its current performance up to an integrated luminosity of 4500 fb−1, planned for the high This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This second period of operation, termed Phase-2, will allow the delivery of up to 4500 fb−1 over about 12 years of operation after the upgrade, with up to 200 concurrent interactions per LHC bunch crossing (pileup)

The CMS ECAL
Crystal and photodetector longevity
On-detector electronics
Off-detector electronics
Cooling and supermodule rework
Findings
Summary

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