Abstract
The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment (CMS) is operating at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy and at a bunch spacing of 25 ns. Upgrades are necessary for the High-Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC). We review the design and R&D studies for the CMS ECAL crystal calorimeter upgrade. We present test beam results of hadron irradiated PbWO4 crystals up to fluences expected at the HL-LHC. We also report on the R&D for the new readout and trigger electronics, which must be upgraded due to the increased trigger and latency requirements at the HL-LHC.
Highlights
The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment (CMS) electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL)[1] is crucial for the identification and reconstruction of photons and electrons, and contributes to the measurement of jets and missing transverse momentum
Precise measurements of the energy and momentum of electrons are important for Higgs physics and for many physics topics beyond the standard model (BSM)
The ECAL was designed[2] to meet these criteria up to an integrated luminosity of 500 fb−1 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) over 10 years of data taking at a peak instantaneous luminosity of 1 × 1034 cm−2s−1
Summary
The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL)[1] is crucial for the identification and reconstruction of photons and electrons, and contributes to the measurement of jets and missing transverse momentum. It is composed of a barrel part (EB) covering the region of pseudorapidity |η| < 1.48 and two endcaps (EE), which extend the coverage up to |η| = 3.0. Upgrades to the ECAL are necessary to maintain its current performance up to an integrated luminosity of 4500 fb−1, planned for the high This is an Open Access article published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This second period of operation, termed Phase-2, will allow the delivery of up to 4500 fb−1 over about 12 years of operation after the upgrade, with up to 200 concurrent interactions per LHC bunch crossing (pileup)
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