Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of sublingual allergen–specific immunotherapy (SLIT) in Ukrainian children younger than 5 years old with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma sensitized to house dust mite allergens. Material and methods: Four hundred and fifty children aged 28 months up to 5 years with rhinitis or asthma were examined. One hundred and twenty five children sensitized to house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farina were included. In vivo and in vitro tests were made with a standard inhalant allergens panel. Results: The high information value of molecular diagnostics methods applied prior to prescription of the given therapy in children is analyzed. It has been found that in children under 5 sensitized to allergens of house dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and/or Dermatophagoides farinae the application of sublingual allergen–specific immunotherapy therapy allows gaining control over the symptoms of the disease during the first 6 months. Conclusion: The high safety of SLIT in children has been proven. Comparative analysis in the group of patients not receiving SLIT shows a high frequency of symptoms of the disease after “free-of-symptoms interval” against full or partial baseline therapy denial.
Highlights
High frequency and advanced growth of the number of allergic diseases all over the world testifies to the need to further study of the problem that seems to have been well-studied
The efficacy of ASIT in the treatment of allergic diseases of adults and children has been proven and it is represented by the results of numerous randomized double-blind placebo-controlled studies which have resulted in the issuance of the corresponding European and international non-binding Perhaps Immunotherapy that is recommended to the patients having allergic bronchial asthma, food allergy and manifestations of insect allergy [8,9,10]
In the group of polysensitized patients (87 children) molecular diagnostics was made for 21 patients (24.1 %)
Summary
High frequency and advanced growth of the number of allergic diseases all over the world testifies to the need to further study of the problem that seems to have been well-studied. A feature of allergic diseases in children is the transformation of one form into the other It is well-known that a special feature of the course of allergic diseases is age progression of allergy symptoms known in research literature as “atopic march”. Today clinicians more and more frequently point out a parallel course of several allergic diseases connected with a common total pathogenesis chain. This process is characterized by relative instability of clinical allergy manifestations when some symptoms regularly prevail over the other ones in a child. In addition the fact that with age the number of significant allergens, but the degree of sensitization to them can be increased is important
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