Abstract
MRI was used to measure the changes in the angle of the facet joints of the lumbar spine and analyze the relationship between it and the herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. Analysis of the causes of lumbar disc herniation from the anatomy and morphology of the spine provides a basis for the early diagnosis and prevention of lumbar disc herniation. There is a certain correlation between the changes shown in MRI imaging of lumbar disc herniation and the TCM syndromes of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. There is a correlation between the syndromes of lumbar disc herniation and the direct signs of MRI: pathological type, herniated position, and degree of herniation. Indirect signs with MR, nerve root compression and dural sac compression, are related. The MRI examination results can help syndrome differentiation to improve its accuracy to a certain extent. MRI has high sensitivity for the measurement of the angle of the facet joints of the lumbar spine and can be used to study the correlation between the changes of the facet joint angles and the herniated disc. Facet joint asymmetry is closely related to lateral lumbar disc herniation, which may be one of its pathogenesis factors. The herniated intervertebral disc is mostly on the sagittal side of the facet joint, and the facet joint angle on the side of the herniated disc is more sagittal. The asymmetry of the facet joints is not related to the central lumbar disc herniation, and the angle of the facet joints on both sides of the central lumbar disc herniation is partial sagittal.
Highlights
Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation refers to the rupture of the annulus fibrosus due to various reasons such as lumbar degeneration and chronic strain. e nucleus pulposus moves laterally or backwards, protruding very laterally or directly behind the ruptured annulus [1]. e low back pain caused by stimulation of the spinal nerve root and cauda equina is accompanied by localized radiating pain and numbness of the lower limbs or even a clinical syndrome of fecal dysfunction or decreased muscle strength of the lower limbs
Lumbar facet joints (LFJ) degeneration, lumber disc herniation (LDH) stimulation, or compression of the corresponding segmental nerve roots are among the causes of low back pain
Whether the structural abnormality of the functional unit of the spine caused by LFJ degeneration causes the abnormal force of the lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is unclear, and whether lumbar facet joint angle changes are common in patients with lumbar disc herniation is still unclear [2]
Summary
Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation refers to the rupture of the annulus fibrosus due to various reasons such as lumbar degeneration and chronic strain. e nucleus pulposus moves laterally or backwards, protruding very laterally or directly behind the ruptured annulus [1]. e low back pain caused by stimulation of the spinal nerve root and cauda equina is accompanied by localized radiating pain and numbness of the lower limbs or even a clinical syndrome of fecal dysfunction or decreased muscle strength of the lower limbs. Lumbar facet joints (LFJ) degeneration, lumber disc herniation (LDH) stimulation, or compression of the corresponding segmental nerve roots are among the causes of low back pain. Lumbar disc herniation is defined as a pathological condition caused by focal displacement of the nucleus pulposus, annulus, or endplate in the lumbar intervertebral disc that exceeds the normal peripheral boundary of the intervertebral disc, compressing the corresponding segment of the dural sac or nerve root [4]. Central type: intervertebral disc tissues (nucleus pulposus, part of annulus fibrosus) protrude posteriorly into the central canal area through the posterior longitudinal ligament, compressing the dural sac and (or) two lateral nerve roots, causing partial stenosis of the central spinal canal [7]. Lateral type: the intervertebral disc tissue (nucleus pulposus, part of annulus fibrosis) protrudes back into the intervertebral foramen area through one posterior longitudinal ligament, compressing the nerve root, and the lateral recess can be narrowed. In order to facilitate the study, we combined the paracentral type and lateral type into the lateral LDH group in the study
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